There’s no better companion than man’s best friend when working outside. A dog can provide friendship, humor, and even protection from curious livestock. However, as the temperature begins to climb, it’s often easy to overlook the risk of heat stroke in our four-legged friends. Heat stroke is a life-threatening condition that occurs when a dog’s body temperature reaches 106°F. Symptoms include excessive panting, drooling, lethargy, vomiting, diarrhea, and can lead to organ failure. Understanding the risks and taking preventive measures can mean the difference between life and death.

Since dogs are unable to sweat, they primarily cool themselves through panting. Brachycephalic breeds like bulldogs and pugs are especially sensitive to heat, as their short snouts, elongated soft palates, and narrow nostrils make it harder for them to breathe efficiently. These breeds should be given special consideration during the warmer months, and they should always be exercised during the cooler parts of the day to prevent respiratory distress.

One of the worst causes of heat strokes is a hot car. Many dog owners overlook the severe risks associated with leaving their pets unattended in vehicles. It’s easy to think, “I’ll be right back,” but studies have shown that the interior temperature of a parked vehicle can skyrocket within minutes, even with the windows cracked open. leading to potentially fatal instances of heatstroke. In cases where a dog is found in a hot car, emergency services should be called immediately.

While it’s fun to bring the family dog along on quick errands or outdoor projects, pet owners should be vigilant. As awareness grows, many states have stepped in with laws against leaving pets in parked vehicles or without adequate relief from the heat, yet awareness, education, and common sense remain key. Dogs should always be provided with ample water and access to shade. If heat stroke is ever suspected, it is imperative that veterinary care be sought immediately. 

Cali Elliott, DVM is a team member of The Equine Expert LLC, a multi-discipline equine expert witness and consulting firm offering legal expert witness and consulting services in court cases, legal matters, appraisals, and business affairs.  Cali is a small animal veterinarian with expertise and interest in standard of care, husbandry, behavior and welfare.  She is well positioned to consult on cases involving horses and dogs, or cats, as she grew up with horses and her undergraduate studies is in equine science.  Typically where there are horses, you will find dogs and cats in the area.  For more information on Cali visit www.theequineexpert.com or contact [email protected].  The opinions expressed are those of Cali as an expert veterinarian.